Oil on canvas - Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York He is best known for his works such as this that depict chaotic yet lighthearted interior scenes, taking his influence from Dutch 17 th-century interiors. Miró was especially known for his use of automatic writing techniques in the creation of his works, particularly doodling or automatic drawing, which is how he began many of his canvases. While there is the suggestion of a believable three-dimensional space in Carnaval d'Arlequin, the playful shapes are arranged with an all-over quality that is common to many of Miró's works during his Surrealist period, and that would eventually lead him to further abstraction. Biomorphic shapes are those that resemble organic beings but that are hard to identify as any specific thing the shapes seem to self-generate, morph, and dance on the canvas. Miró created elaborate, fantastical spaces in his paintings that are an excellent example of Surrealism in their reliance on dream-like imagery and their use of biomorphism. Nature, however, is the most frequent imagery: Max Ernst was obsessed with birds and had a bird alter ego, Salvador Dalí's works often include ants or eggs, and Joan Miró relied strongly on vague biomorphic imagery. At its basic, the imagery is outlandish, perplexing, and even uncanny, as it is meant to jolt the viewer out of their comforting assumptions. Each artist relied on their own recurring motifs arisen through their dreams or/and unconscious mind. Surrealist imagery is probably the most recognizable element of the movement, yet it is also the most elusive to categorize and define.Freud legitimized the importance of dreams and the unconscious as valid revelations of human emotion and desires his exposure of the complex and repressed inner worlds of sexuality, desire, and violence provided a theoretical basis for much of Surrealism. The work of Sigmund Freud was profoundly influential for Surrealists, particularly his book, The Interpretation of Dreams (1899).In practice, these techniques became known as automatism or automatic writing, which allowed artists to forgo conscious thought and embrace chance when creating art. André Breton defined Surrealism as "psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express - verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner - the actual functioning of thought." What Breton is proposing is that artists bypass reason and rationality by accessing their unconscious mind.
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